Events

• 66 - Emperor Nero creates the legion I Italica.
• 1236 - The Lithuanians and Semigallians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in Battle of Šiauliai.
• 1499 - Switzerland became an independent state.
• 1586 - The battle of Zutphen occurs.
• 1598 - Ben Jonson is indicted for manslaughter.
• 1692 - Last people hanged for witchcraft in the United States.
• 1761 - Coronation of George III of the United Kingdom and Queen Charlotte.
• 1776 - Nathan Hale is hanged for spying during American Revolution.
• 1784 - Russia establishes a colony at Kodiak, Alaska.
• 1789 - The position of United States Postmaster General established.
• 1792 - primidi Vendémiaire of year 1 of the French Republican Calendar
• 1823 - Joseph Smith, Jr. stated that he was directed by God through the Angel Moroni to the place where the Golden plates were stored.
• 1851 - The city of Des Moines, Iowa was incorporated as Fort Des Moines.
• 1862 - Slavery in the United States: A preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released.
• 1866 - Decisive battle of Curupaity in the War of the Triple Alliance.
• 1869 - Richard Wagner's opera Das Rheingold premieres in Munich.
• 1885 - Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to Home Rule for example "Ulster will fight and Ulster will be right".
• 1888 - The first issue of National Geographic Magazine is published
• 1893 - The first American-built automobile, built by the Duryea Brothers, is displayed.
• 1896 - Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history.
• 1908 - The independence of Bulgaria is recognised.
• 1910 - The Duke of York's Cinema opened in Brighton. It is still operating today, making it the oldest continually operating cinema in Britain.
• 1919 - The steel strike of 1919, led by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, begins in Pennsylvania before spreading across the United States.
• 1927 - Jack Dempsey loses the Long Count boxing match to Gene Tunney.
• 1934 - An explosion takes place at Gresford Colliery in Wales, leading to the deaths of 266 miners and rescuers.
• 1937 - Spanish Civil War: Peña Blanca is taken; the end of the Battle of El Mazuco.
• 1941 - On Jewish New Year Day, German SS murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine. Those were the survivors of the previous killings that took place a few days earlier in which about 24,000 Jews were executed.
• 1944 - World War II, Red Army enters Tallinn.
• 1951 - The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
• 1955 - In Britain, the television channel ITV goes live for the first time.
• 1960 - The Sudanese Republic is renamed Mali after the withdrawal of Senegal from the Mali Federation.
• 1965 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965/Second Kashmir War between India and Pakistan over Kashmir ends after the UN calls for a cease-fire.
• 1970 - Tunku Abdul Rahman resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia.
• 1975 - Sara Jane Moore tries to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford, but is foiled by Oliver Sipple.
• 1979 - The South Atlantic Flash or Vela Incident is observed near Bouvet Island, thought to be a nuclear weapons test.
• 1980 - Iraq invades Iran.
• 1985 - The Plaza Accord was signed in New York City.
• 1991 - The Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time, by the Huntington Library.
• 1993 - A Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.
• 1995 - E-3B AWACS crashed outside of Elmendorf AFB, Alaska after multiple bird strikes to two of the four engines soon after takeoff; all 24 on board killed
• 1997 - Bentalha massacre in Algeria; over 200 villagers killed.
• 2003 - David Hempleman-Adams becomes the first person to cross the Atlantic Ocean in an open-air, wicker-basket hot air balloon.
• 2006 - The F-14 Tomcat retires from the United States Navy.
• 2006 - A German maglev train crashes, killing 23.
• 2006 - Hezbollah claims "Divine Victory" over Israel in a massive demonstration in Beirut.

Births